Characterization of p53/p63/p73 and Myc expressions during embryogenesis of the sea urchin.

BACKGROUND: Some marine invertebrate organisms are considered not to develop tumors due to unknown mechanisms. To gain an initial insight into how tumor-related genes may be expressed and function during marine invertebrate development, we here leverage sea urchin embryos as a model system and characterize the expressions of Myc and p53/p63/p73 which are reported to function synergistically in mammalian models as an oncogene and tumor suppressor, respectively. RESULTS: During sea urchin embryogenesis, a combo gene of p53/p63/p73 is found to be maternally loaded and decrease after fertilization both in transcript and protein, while Myc transcript and protein are zygotically expressed. p53/p63/p73 and Myc proteins are observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of every blastomere, respectively, throughout embryogenesis. Both p53/p63/p73 and Myc overexpression results in compromised development with increased DNA damage after the blastula stage. p53/p63/p73 increases the expression of parp1, a DNA repair/cell death marker gene, and suppresses endomesoderm gene expressions. In contrast, Myc does not alter the expression of specification genes or oncogenes yet induces disorganized morphology. CONCLUSIONS: p53/p63/p73 appears to be important for controlling cell differentiation, while Myc induces disorganized morphology yet not through conventional oncogene regulations or apoptotic pathways during embryogenesis of the sea urchin.

Towards a scientific community consensus on designating Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems from imagery.

Management of deep-sea fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdiction by Regional Fisheries Management Organizations/Arrangements (RFMO/As) requires identification of areas with Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs). Currently, fisheries data, including trawl and longline bycatch data, are used by many RFMO/As to inform the identification of VMEs. However, the collection of such data creates impacts and there is a need to collect non-invasive data for VME identification and monitoring purposes. Imagery data from scientific surveys satisfies this requirement, but there currently is no established framework for identifying VMEs from images. Thus, the goal of this study was to bring together a large international team to determine current VME assessment protocols and establish preliminary global consensus guidelines for identifying VMEs from images. An initial assessment showed a lack of consistency among RFMO/A regions regarding what is considered a VME indicator taxon, and hence variability in how VMEs might be defined. In certain cases, experts agreed that a VME could be identified from a single image, most often in areas of scleractinian reefs, dense octocoral gardens, multiple VME species' co-occurrence, and chemosynthetic ecosystems. A decision flow chart is presented that gives practical interpretation of the FAO criteria for single images. To further evaluate steps of the flow chart related to density, data were compiled to assess whether scientists perceived similar density thresholds across regions. The range of observed densities and the density values considered to be VMEs varied considerably by taxon, but in many cases, there was a statistical difference in what experts considered to be a VME compared to images not considered a VME. Further work is required to develop an areal extent index, to include a measure of confidence, and to increase our understanding of what levels of density and diversity correspond to key ecosystem functions for VME indicator taxa. Based on our results, the following recommendations are made: 1. There is a need to establish a global consensus on which taxa are VME indicators. 2. RFMO/As should consider adopting guidelines that use imagery surveys as an alternative (or complement) to using bycatch and trawl surveys for designating VMEs. 3. Imagery surveys should also be included in Impact Assessments. And 4. All industries that impact the seafloor, not just fisheries, should use imagery surveys to detect and identify VMEs.

[Extrapyramidal adverse reactions to metoclopramide. A pharmacovigilance survey]. / Farmacovigilancia activa de metoclopramida 10 mg oral en pacientes del Programa de Alivio del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en cinco hospitales del Servicio de Salud Viña del Mar-Quillota.

BACKGROUND: In 2013 the Chilean regulatory sanitary agency issued a warning concerning dose adjustment and use restriction to avoid severe adverse effects of metoclopramide such tardive dyskinesia. AIM: To study dyskinesia type adverse effects in a population using metoclopramide. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross sectional observational study was conducted among patients pertaining to palliative care and diabetes mellitus programs and consuming 10 mg/day or more of metoclopramide. Patients were interrogated looking for extrapiramidal signs and symptoms using a questionnaire validated by two neurologists. RESULTS: In 40% of diabetic patients with gastroparesia and 35% of palliative care patients, extrapyramidal adverse reactions to metoclopramide were suspected. Palliative Care patients suffered the largest number of adverse events. The period of use and individual doses of the drug were largely above Chilean regulatory agency recommendations in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of patients using metoclopramide could experience extrapyramidal adverse reactions.

Farmacovigilancia activa de metoclopramida 10 mg oral en pacientes del Programa de Alivio del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en cinco hospitales del Servicio de Salud Viña del Mar-Quillota / Extrapyramidal adverse reactions to metoclopramide: a pharmacovigilance survey

Background: In 2013 the Chilean regulatory sanitary agency issued a warning concerning dose adjustment and use restriction to avoid severe adverse effects of metoclopramide such tardive dyskinesia. Aim: To study dyskinesia type adverse effects in a population using metoclopramide. Material and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted among patients pertaining to palliative care and diabetes mellitus programs and consuming 10 mg/day or more of metoclopramide. Patients were interrogated looking for extrapiramidal signs and symptoms using a questionnaire validated by two neurologists. Results: In 40% of diabetic patients with gastroparesia and 35% of palliative care patients, extrapyramidal adverse reactions to metoclopramide were suspected. Palliative Care patients suffered the largest number of adverse events. The period of use and individual doses of the drug were largely above Chilean regulatory agency recommendations in all cases. Conclusions: A significant number of patients using metoclopramide could experience extrapyramidal adverse reactions.

Report from the Latin American Spondyloarthritis Society for Education and Research in Immunology and Medicine organization 2012 workshop.

The first annual meeting of the Latin American Spondyloarthritis Society for Education and Research in Immunology and Medicine (LASSERIM) was held in Bogotá, Colombia, in September 2012 and was attended by key opinion leaders, researchers, and rheumatologists. The meeting included presentations and discussions from renowned speakers during 2 days and a coaching leadership exercise led by an expert in the field followed by an open forum. Two groups defined a priori discussed the establishment of a professional network and organization to be involved in the identification, assessment, and effective resolution of health care issues in Latin America.A broad spectrum of topics were discussed but focused on the following: pharmacoeconomics in general rheumatology, spondyloarthritis and chronic back pain, therapeutic interventions in rheumatoid arthritis, ultrasonography in spondyloarthritis, impact of social media in medicine and global trends in leadership, quality of life, and innovation. A special workshop on coaching in health care and coaching as a tool to implement LASSERIM goals was part of the 2-day conference.LASSERIM will be working in the future on education, research, and innovation in the field of rheumatology and immunology. A special focus will be on spondyloarthritis, by promoting research, open discussions, and by conducting carefully planned research studies to impact on the quality of life of patients and doctors from Latin American countries.

O efeito orientador do psicodiagnostico / The guiding effect of psychodiagnostic interaction / El efecto orientador del psicodiagnóstico

Qualquer psicodiagnóstico pode ser considerado um diálogo contínuo e um acontecimento com efeito orientador. Da interação entre o psicólogo e o paciente surge uma relação especial e única com efeitos específicos caso o profissional não atue apenas como um coletor de dados senão como o outro ator no processo. Esta dualidade interativa não deve ser reduzida a uma exibição do passado ou a uma projeção recíproca. Em vez disso, ela deveria gerar uma ‘co-produção da subjetividade’ que permita algo novo acontecer. Esses acontecimentos produzem efeitos internos que podem dar um novo significado à vida da pessoa, oferecendo uma nova orientação para seu presente e sua situação futura.(AU)

Todo proceso psicodiagnóstico, entendido como quehacer dialógico y acontecimiento, conlleva un efecto orientador. La inter-versión que se produce entre psicólogo y consultante es un hecho singular que puede inscribirse como novedad produciendo efectos, no sólo resultados, si el profesional lejos de ser mero recolector de datos se constituye en el otro actor del proceso. Ese entre-dos, no se reduce al despliegue del pasado o a la proyección de uno sobre otro, sino que genera una suerte de ‘co-producción de subjetividad’ favorecedora de acontecimientos con efectos subjetivantes que resignificarán la vida de las personas, orientándolas en sus circunstancias presentes y futuras.(AU)

Any assessment process can be seen as an ongoing dialog and an event that has guiding effects. The interaction between psychologist and client results in a unique relationship that has specific effects, if the professional acts not only as a data collector, but also as the other actor in the process. This dyadic interaction should not be reduced to a display of the past nor a mutual projection. Instead, it should generate a ‘co-production of subjectivity’ that should allow for something new to happen. These events can produce inner effects that can re-signify the person’s life, thus providing a new guidance for his or her present and future circumstances.(AU)

O efeito orientador do psicodiagnostico / The guiding effect of psychodiagnostic interaction / El efecto orientador del psicodiagnóstico

Qualquer psicodiagnóstico pode ser considerado um diálogo contínuo e um acontecimento com efeito orientador. Da interação entre o psicólogo e o paciente surge uma relação especial e única com efeitos específicos caso o profissional não atue apenas como um coletor de dados senão como o outro ator no processo. Esta dualidade interativa não deve ser reduzida a uma exibição do passado ou a uma projeção recíproca. Em vez disso, ela deveria gerar uma ‘co-produção da subjetividade’ que permita algo novo acontecer. Esses acontecimentos produzem efeitos internos que podem dar um novo significado à vida da pessoa, oferecendo uma nova orientação para seu presente e sua situação futura.

Todo proceso psicodiagnóstico, entendido como quehacer dialógico y acontecimiento, conlleva un efecto orientador. La inter-versión que se produce entre psicólogo y consultante es un hecho singular que puede inscribirse como novedad produciendo efectos, no sólo resultados, si el profesional lejos de ser mero recolector de datos se constituye en el otro actor del proceso. Ese entre-dos, no se reduce al despliegue del pasado o a la proyección de uno sobre otro, sino que genera una suerte de ‘co-producción de subjetividad’ favorecedora de acontecimientos con efectos subjetivantes que resignificarán la vida de las personas, orientándolas en sus circunstancias presentes y futuras.

Any assessment process can be seen as an ongoing dialog and an event that has guiding effects. The interaction between psychologist and client results in a unique relationship that has specific effects, if the professional acts not only as a data collector, but also as the other actor in the process. This dyadic interaction should not be reduced to a display of the past nor a mutual projection. Instead, it should generate a ‘co-production of subjectivity’ that should allow for something new to happen. These events can produce inner effects that can re-signify the person’s life, thus providing a new guidance for his or her present and future circumstances.

Validation of the TEMPS-A Buenos Aires: Spanish psychometric validation of affective temperaments in a population study of Argentina.

BACKGROUND: The TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego) is a 110-item questionnaire in five scales which has been translated into over 25 language versions: American, Italian (only for Interview version or TEMPS-I), French, Lebanese, Hungarian, Japanese and Turkish versions have already been validated. There are two Spanish versions, one from Barcelona, and the present one from Buenos Aires. This study represents the first attempt at validating the TEMPS-A in Spanish. METHODS: 932 clinically well subjects were studied, of both sexes (62% female) with mean+/-SD age of 35.4+/-18.1. Standard psychometric tests of reliability and validation were performed. RESULTS: Chronbach alphas were 0.7 (depressive) and 0.8 (anxious, cyclothymic, irritable and hyperthymic). In exploratory factor analyses, the hyperthymic was distinct from the others. As expected, the depressive and anxious correlated strongly, so did the cyclothymic and anxious. Dominant temperaments ranged from 2.1% to 4.5% of the population under study, except for the hyperthymic which had a negligible rate of 0.2% (but accounted for 13% between +1 SD and +2 SD). LIMITATION: We did not examine test-to-test reliability. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first validation of the TEMPS-A in Spanish, the Buenos Aires version with the original 110 items, with very good psychometric properties.